PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT
It is the practice of empowering members of a group, such as employees of a company or citizens of a community, to participate in organizational decision making. It is used as an alternative to traditional vertical management structures, which has shown to be less effective as participants are growing less interested in their leader's expectations due to a lack of recognition of the participant's effort or opinion.
PURPOSE OF PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT
· Promoting sustainable management practices.
· Increasing social acceptability levels.
· Minimizing social conflicts, for example: eliminating competition.
· Allowing the use of local values and knowledge to be utilized during management.
· Greater job satisfaction which in turn increases productivity
· Reduced costs through increased efficiency and a lesser need for supervision and delegation.
· Participatory Management can lead to the empowerment of employees which in turn could lead to employees taking more risks. These risks can be successful or harmful to the project's productivity level.
DISCIPLINE
INTRODUCTION:
The word Discipline comes from the Latin term disciplina which means teaching, learning and growing. Discipline comes from one meaning " instruction, knowledge."
DEFINITION:
“Discipline can be defined as a training or molding of the mind and character to bring about desired behaviors”. -Basavanthappa.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF DISCIPLINE:
To obtain a willing acceptance of rules, regulations and procedures of organization so that organization goals can be achieved.
PRINCIPLES OF DISCIPLINARY ACTION:
· Have a positive attitude.
· Investigate carefully.
· Be prompt.
· Protect privacy.
· Focus on the act.
· Enforce rules consistently.
· Be flexible.
· Advise the employee.
· Take corrective and constructive action.
· Follow up.
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